A growing software company is reviewing its sales team to decide whether to invest in training that encourages sales representatives to make more client visits. Before committing the budget, a manager plots each rep’s monthly client visits against deals closed, expecting to confirm that more visits lead to more deals. The scatter plot below shows the result for all seven representatives.
Complete each statement using the dropdowns:
Looking only at the six representatives other than G, the relationship between visits and deals closed is
.
When representative G is included with the others, the overall correlation becomes
.
Q2 · Two-Part Analysis
A national retail chain runs a quarterly bonus program for its store managers. Under the program, a manager earns a bonus only if their store’s quarterly sales exceed the regional average by at least 15%. The company also tracks customer visits and units sold, but the bonus depends solely on total sales revenue.
This quarter, the Northeast region reported a regional average of $200,000 per store. The manager of the Downtown store recorded 18,000 customer visits, sold 9,500 units, and reached total sales of $224,000. A neighboring store in the same region averaged $210,000 in sales.
In the table, select the Downtown store’s sales this quarter, and the minimum sales that store needed to earn the bonus.
Downtown store’s sales this quarter
$200,000
$210,000
$224,000
$230,000
$241,500
Minimum sales for bonus
$200,000
$210,000
$224,000
$230,000
$241,500
Q3 · Two-Part Analysis
A company is scheduling five product demos — for clients T, W, X, Y, and Z — one per day, Monday through Friday (one demo each day). The schedule must follow these rules:
Rule 1: T’s demo is on the day immediately before X’s demo. Rule 2: X’s demo takes place at some point before W’s demo. Rule 3: W’s demo is on the day immediately before Z’s demo. Rule 4: Y’s demo is on Friday.
Select the client whose demo must be on Wednesday, and the client whose demo must be on Thursday.
Must be on Wednesday
T
W
X
Y
Z
Must be on Thursday
T
W
X
Y
Z
Q4 · Graphics Interpretation — Bar Chart
A retail company tracks quarterly sales (in $ millions) for four regions over one year. The grouped bar chart below shows the results.
Complete each statement using the dropdowns:
The region with the largest increase in sales from Q1 to Q4 is
.
The only region whose sales declined every quarter is
.
Q5 · Graphics Interpretation — Line Chart
The graph shows annual revenue, in millions of dollars, for a company’s two product lines from 2019 through 2025. Complete each statement using the dropdowns:
Product B’s annual revenue first exceeded Product A’s annual revenue in .
From 2019 to 2025, the ratio of Product B’s revenue to Product A’s revenue .
Q6 · Graphics Interpretation — Combo Chart
The chart shows quarterly revenue, in millions of dollars (bars, left axis), and operating margin, as a percent of revenue (line, right axis), for eight consecutive quarters. Complete each statement using the dropdowns:
The largest quarter-over-quarter increase in revenue occurred in .
Operating profit (revenue × operating margin) in Q4 2025 was approximately times operating profit in Q1 2024.
Q7 · Two-Part Analysis
A consultancy charges each client a fixed onboarding fee of F dollars plus an hourly rate of r dollars per hour of work. A 20-hour engagement costs a client $5,800 in total, and a 50-hour engagement costs a client $12,700 in total.
Select the value of r (hourly rate) and the value of F (onboarding fee) consistent with the information given. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Hourly rate r
190
210
230
1,200
1,500
2,300
Onboarding fee F
190
210
230
1,200
1,500
2,300
Q8 · Table Analysis
The table shows full-year performance data for the ten members of a company’s enterprise sales team. Click any column header to sort.
Sales rep
Deals closed
Revenue ($K)
Win rate
Ito
30
660
25%
Kahn
45
810
30%
Lam
24
720
40%
Mora
36
612
28%
Novak
20
700
35%
Ortiz
40
680
22%
Patel
28
588
26%
Quinn
33
594
24%
Reyes
22
550
29%
Silva
38
646
20%
For each statement, select Yes if the statement can be verified as true based on the table; otherwise select No.
Ranked by average deal size (revenue divided by deals closed), Novak ranks first among the ten reps.
The rep ranked second by revenue is also ranked second by number of deals closed.
Exactly three reps rank in the top three both by revenue and by win rate.
Q9 · Table Analysis
The table shows current data for a distributor’s ten warehouses. Utilization is inventory as a percent of capacity. Click any column header to sort.
Warehouse
Capacity (K units)
Inventory (K units)
Utilization
Monthly cost ($K)
P
50
40
80%
120
Q
80
52
65%
150
R
30
27
90%
84
S
60
42
70%
132
T
40
34
85%
100
U
100
55
55%
180
V
70
49
70%
140
W
90
72
80%
138
X
20
15
75%
60
Y
45
36
80%
126
For each statement, select Yes if the statement can be verified as true based on the table; otherwise select No.
The combined inventory of the three warehouses with the smallest capacity exceeds the inventory of warehouse U.
The average utilization rate across the ten warehouses is greater than 75 percent.
A majority of the warehouses with above-average utilization have below-average monthly cost.
Q10 · Multi-Source Reasoning
Review the three sources, then evaluate each statement.
Source 1 · Email from the Chief Technology Officer
“Our new project-management platform must satisfy four requirements: support at least 500 concurrent users; a first-year total cost within our $180,000 budget cap; full deployment within 90 days of contract signing; and SOC 2 compliance certification. Please evaluate the shortlisted vendors against all four.”
Source 2 · Vendor comparison table
Vendor
First-year cost
Concurrent users
Quoted deployment
SOC 2
Alpha
$150,000
600
120 days
Certified
Beta
$175,000
550
60 days
Certified
Gamma
$140,000
450
45 days
Certified
Delta
$190,000
800
75 days
Certified
Source 3 · Memo from the procurement department
“Two historical notes for the evaluation. First, a vendor whose quoted first-year cost exceeds the budget cap may be reconsidered if negotiation can reduce that cost by at least 10 percent; our past negotiations have achieved reductions of 5 to 12 percent. Second, vendors’ quoted deployment timelines have historically run 20 percent longer in practice than quoted.”
For each statement, select Yes if the statement is supported by the information in the three sources; otherwise select No.
Exactly one vendor meets all four of the CTO requirements as originally quoted.
If Beta quoted deployment runs 20 percent longer than quoted, Beta still meets the 90-day requirement.
Under the procurement memo rule, Delta could become budget-eligible only if negotiation achieves a reduction at the very top of the historical range.
Q11 · Multi-Source Reasoning
Review the three sources, then answer the question.
Source 1 · Email from the Chief Technology Officer
“Our new project-management platform must satisfy four requirements: support at least 500 concurrent users; a first-year total cost within our $180,000 budget cap; full deployment within 90 days of contract signing; and SOC 2 compliance certification. Please evaluate the shortlisted vendors against all four.”
Source 2 · Vendor comparison table
Vendor
First-year cost
Concurrent users
Quoted deployment
SOC 2
Alpha
$150,000
600
120 days
Certified
Beta
$175,000
550
60 days
Certified
Gamma
$140,000
450
45 days
Certified
Delta
$190,000
800
75 days
Certified
Source 3 · Memo from the procurement department
“Two historical notes for the evaluation. First, a vendor whose quoted first-year cost exceeds the budget cap may be reconsidered if negotiation can reduce that cost by at least 10 percent; our past negotiations have achieved reductions of 5 to 12 percent. Second, vendors’ quoted deployment timelines have historically run 20 percent longer in practice than quoted.”
If the historical pattern described in the procurement memo applies and every vendor’s actual deployment takes 20 percent longer than quoted, which vendor satisfies all four of the CTO’s requirements without any renegotiation of cost?
AAlpha
BBeta
CGamma
DDelta
ENo vendor satisfies all four requirements.
Q12 · Multi-Source Reasoning
Review the three sources, then answer the question.
Source 1 · Email from the Chief Technology Officer
“Our new project-management platform must satisfy four requirements: support at least 500 concurrent users; a first-year total cost within our $180,000 budget cap; full deployment within 90 days of contract signing; and SOC 2 compliance certification. Please evaluate the shortlisted vendors against all four.”
Source 2 · Vendor comparison table
Vendor
First-year cost
Concurrent users
Quoted deployment
SOC 2
Alpha
$150,000
600
120 days
Certified
Beta
$175,000
550
60 days
Certified
Gamma
$140,000
450
45 days
Certified
Delta
$190,000
800
75 days
Certified
Source 3 · Memo from the procurement department
“Two historical notes for the evaluation. First, a vendor whose quoted first-year cost exceeds the budget cap may be reconsidered if negotiation can reduce that cost by at least 10 percent; our past negotiations have achieved reductions of 5 to 12 percent. Second, vendors’ quoted deployment timelines have historically run 20 percent longer in practice than quoted.”
If the procurement department negotiates the maximum reduction in the historical range with Delta, Delta’s first-year cost would be how much below the CTO’s budget cap?
A$8,000
B$10,000
C$12,800
D$16,200
E$22,800
Q13 · Critical Reasoning — Flaw
A consultant argued: “Our new productivity software is clearly the best on the market. We know this because it is the most effective tool available, and no competing product delivers better results than the most effective tool.”
The reasoning in the argument is flawed because it
Arelies on the opinion of a consultant who may be biased
Bassumes the truth of the very conclusion it sets out to establish
Cfails to define what “productivity” means in measurable terms
Ddraws a conclusion about all competitors from evidence about only a few
Econfuses the popularity of the software with its effectiveness
Q14 · Sentence Correction
The consulting firm advised the retailer to streamline its inventory system, to renegotiate supplier contracts, and ____.
Aexpanding aggressively into online markets
Bthat it should expand into online markets
Cto expand into online markets
Dan expansion into online markets
Eonline market expansion
Q15 · Critical Reasoning — Assumption
TechCorp’s customer support team resolved 30% more tickets last quarter than in the previous quarter, even though the team’s size remained unchanged. Management concluded that the new support software the team adopted last quarter was responsible for the improvement, and plans to roll out the same software to all other departments.
The management’s conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
AThe support software is the most advanced product available on the market
BThe number of tickets submitted by customers last quarter was not substantially lower than in the previous quarter
COther departments handle a similar volume of tickets to the support team
DThe support team received additional training on the new software
EThe cost of the software is justified by the increase in resolved tickets
Q16 · Critical Reasoning — Inference
Last year, NorthPort sold more units than the year before, and its total revenue went up. Eastgate also sold more units than the year before, but its total revenue stayed the same.
Which of the following can be most reliably inferred?
ANorthPort sold more units than Eastgate last year.
BEastgate’s price per unit went down last year.
CNorthPort will keep growing its revenue as long as it sells more units.
DEastgate lost customers to NorthPort last year.
ENorthPort’s price per unit went up last year.
Q17 · Critical Reasoning
MetroGrocer’s chief executive has proposed opening the chain’s next 20 stores in mid-sized cities, arguing that because commercial rents there are 60 percent lower than in major metropolitan areas, the expansion will increase the chain’s overall profit margin.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the executive’s argument?
ASeveral of MetroGrocer’s competitors are also planning to expand into mid-sized cities.
BCommercial rents in major metropolitan areas are expected to rise over the next five years.
CMetroGrocer’s most profitable current store is located in a major metropolitan area.
DAverage per-store revenue in mid-sized cities is typically less than half of average per-store revenue in major metropolitan areas.
EConsumers in mid-sized cities visit grocery stores as frequently as consumers in major metropolitan areas do.
Q18 · Critical Reasoning
Last year, Halvorsen Media reduced its advertising budget by 40 percent. Nevertheless, its subscription revenue grew faster last year than in any previous year in the company’s history.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy described above?
AHalvorsen’s main competitors also reduced their advertising budgets last year.
BHalvorsen’s subscription prices remained unchanged throughout the year.
CThe company’s advertising budget had grown in each of the five years preceding the reduction.
DTotal revenue at Halvorsen includes advertising sales as well as subscription revenue.
EThe reduction eliminated broad brand-awareness campaigns, while the remaining budget was concentrated on targeted promotions with far higher historical conversion rates.
Q19 · Critical Reasoning
City planners argue that converting downtown office towers into residential units will revive street-level retail, since residents generate foot traffic during evenings and weekends — precisely the hours when office workers are absent.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the planners’ argument?
AIn cities that completed similar conversions, street-level retail vacancy declined within two years even as office occupancy continued to fall.
BOffice workers spend more per lunchtime purchase than downtown residents spend per evening purchase.
CConverting an office tower to residential units typically takes at least three years to complete.
DSome office workers who relocate to the suburbs continue to shop downtown occasionally.
EDowntown residents purchase a substantial share of their goods online.
Q20 · Reading Comprehension
Read the passage, then answer the question.
For decades, just-in-time (JIT) production was treated as an unambiguous management ideal. By synchronizing deliveries with production schedules, firms reduced inventory carrying costs, freed working capital for investment, kept demand signals legible, and exposed process defects that excess stock would have concealed. The supply disruptions of the early 2020s, however, triggered a sharp reversal in sentiment. Commentators pronounced the era of efficiency over and urged firms to accumulate “just-in-case” inventories as insurance against future shocks.
That prescription rests on a misreading of what actually distinguished the firms that weathered the disruptions best. The fastest recoveries were achieved not by companies holding the largest inventories but by those with the deepest visibility into their supplier networks and the flexibility to qualify alternative sources quickly. Stockpiles, by contrast, depreciate, tie up capital, and obscure the very demand signals that lean systems keep visible. Resilience, properly understood, is an information problem rather than a warehousing problem — and the appropriate response to disruption is not to abandon JIT’s discipline but to extend it upstream, applying to supplier relationships the same transparency that JIT brought to the factory floor.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
Atrace the historical development of just-in-time production methods
Bchallenge a widely recommended response to supply disruptions and propose an alternative conception of resilience
Cdemonstrate that inventory stockpiles provide no protection against supply shocks
Dcompare the recovery speeds of two companies that adopted different inventory strategies
Eargue that the supply disruptions of the early 2020s were less severe than commentators claimed
Q21 · Reading Comprehension
Read the passage, then answer the question.
For decades, just-in-time (JIT) production was treated as an unambiguous management ideal. By synchronizing deliveries with production schedules, firms reduced inventory carrying costs, freed working capital for investment, kept demand signals legible, and exposed process defects that excess stock would have concealed. The supply disruptions of the early 2020s, however, triggered a sharp reversal in sentiment. Commentators pronounced the era of efficiency over and urged firms to accumulate “just-in-case” inventories as insurance against future shocks.
That prescription rests on a misreading of what actually distinguished the firms that weathered the disruptions best. The fastest recoveries were achieved not by companies holding the largest inventories but by those with the deepest visibility into their supplier networks and the flexibility to qualify alternative sources quickly. Stockpiles, by contrast, depreciate, tie up capital, and obscure the very demand signals that lean systems keep visible. Resilience, properly understood, is an information problem rather than a warehousing problem — and the appropriate response to disruption is not to abandon JIT’s discipline but to extend it upstream, applying to supplier relationships the same transparency that JIT brought to the factory floor.
According to the passage, the firms that recovered fastest from the disruptions of the early 2020s were distinguished by
Athe size of the inventories they had accumulated before the disruptions
Btheir decision to abandon just-in-time production at the first sign of disruption
Clong-term contracts guaranteeing priority access to scarce materials
Dvisibility into their supplier networks and the flexibility to qualify alternative sources quickly
Etheir concentration in industries that were largely unaffected by the shocks
Q22 · Reading Comprehension
Read the passage, then answer the question.
For decades, just-in-time (JIT) production was treated as an unambiguous management ideal. By synchronizing deliveries with production schedules, firms reduced inventory carrying costs, freed working capital for investment, kept demand signals legible, and exposed process defects that excess stock would have concealed. The supply disruptions of the early 2020s, however, triggered a sharp reversal in sentiment. Commentators pronounced the era of efficiency over and urged firms to accumulate “just-in-case” inventories as insurance against future shocks.
That prescription rests on a misreading of what actually distinguished the firms that weathered the disruptions best. The fastest recoveries were achieved not by companies holding the largest inventories but by those with the deepest visibility into their supplier networks and the flexibility to qualify alternative sources quickly. Stockpiles, by contrast, depreciate, tie up capital, and obscure the very demand signals that lean systems keep visible. Resilience, properly understood, is an information problem rather than a warehousing problem — and the appropriate response to disruption is not to abandon JIT’s discipline but to extend it upstream, applying to supplier relationships the same transparency that JIT brought to the factory floor.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about large “just-in-case” inventories?
AThey can conceal the operational problems that lean systems are designed to make visible.
BThey are appropriate for most firms despite their carrying costs.
CThey were the primary reason some firms recovered quickly from the disruptions.
DThey improve a firm’s visibility into its supplier networks.
EThey have become less expensive to maintain since the early 2020s.
Q23 · Reading Comprehension
Read the passage, then answer the question.
For decades, just-in-time (JIT) production was treated as an unambiguous management ideal. By synchronizing deliveries with production schedules, firms reduced inventory carrying costs, freed working capital for investment, kept demand signals legible, and exposed process defects that excess stock would have concealed. The supply disruptions of the early 2020s, however, triggered a sharp reversal in sentiment. Commentators pronounced the era of efficiency over and urged firms to accumulate “just-in-case” inventories as insurance against future shocks.
That prescription rests on a misreading of what actually distinguished the firms that weathered the disruptions best. The fastest recoveries were achieved not by companies holding the largest inventories but by those with the deepest visibility into their supplier networks and the flexibility to qualify alternative sources quickly. Stockpiles, by contrast, depreciate, tie up capital, and obscure the very demand signals that lean systems keep visible. Resilience, properly understood, is an information problem rather than a warehousing problem — and the appropriate response to disruption is not to abandon JIT’s discipline but to extend it upstream, applying to supplier relationships the same transparency that JIT brought to the factory floor.
The passage mentions each of the following as a benefit associated with just-in-time production EXCEPT:
Alower inventory carrying costs
Bworking capital freed for investment
Cthe exposure of process defects that excess stock would conceal
Ddemand signals that remain legible
Eshorter product development cycles
Q24 · Sentence Correction
Unlike the revenue of most regional banks, which depends heavily on interest income, First Meridian derives nearly half of its revenue from advisory fees.
AUnlike the revenue of most regional banks, which depends heavily on interest income, First Meridian derives
BUnlike most regional banks’ revenue, which depend heavily on interest income, First Meridian derives
CUnlike most regional banks, whose revenue depends heavily on interest income, First Meridian derives
DUnlike most regional banks, which depends heavily on interest income for their revenue, First Meridian derives
EUnlike most regional banks, First Meridian’s revenue derives
Q25 · Sentence Correction
The number of executives who cite regulatory uncertainty as their primary concern have nearly doubled since 2023, according to the survey.
AThe number of executives who cite regulatory uncertainty as their primary concern have nearly doubled
BThe number of executives who cite regulatory uncertainty as their primary concern has nearly doubled
CThe number of executives who cites regulatory uncertainty as their primary concern has nearly doubled
DA number of executives who cite regulatory uncertainty as their primary concern has nearly doubled
EThe number of executives citing regulatory uncertainty as its primary concern has nearly doubled
Q26 · Sentence Correction
Each of the three subsidiaries operate under their own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate between its more centralized competitors.
AEach of the three subsidiaries operate under their own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate between
BEach of the three subsidiaries operates under their own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate from
CEach of the three subsidiaries operate under its own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate from
DEach of the three subsidiaries operates under its own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate from
EEach of the three subsidiaries operates under its own brand, a structure that distinguishes the conglomerate among
Q27 · Data Sufficiency
Is the integer k positive?
(1)k² = 3k
(2)k < 5
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient
Q28 · Problem Solving
If n is a positive integer, which of the following must be even?
An² + n
Bn² + 1
C2n + 1
Dn(n + 2)
En² − n + 1
Q29 · Problem Solving
A company’s revenue increased by 25% from 2022 to 2023. In 2024, revenue decreased by 20% from its 2023 level. The company’s 2024 revenue is what percent of its 2022 revenue?
A80%
B95%
C100%
D105%
E125%
Q30 · Data Sufficiency
If x and y are integers, is x + y even?
(1)x − y is even
(2)x and y are both prime numbers
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient
Q31 · Problem Solving
A marketing budget is divided between digital and print advertising in the ratio 7:2. If the digital allocation exceeds the print allocation by $360,000, what is the total budget?
A$504,000
B$648,000
C$720,000
D$810,000
E$900,000
Q32 · Problem Solving
Of the 150 executives at a company, 80 attended a leadership training, 60 attended a finance training, and 25 attended both trainings. How many of the executives attended neither training?
A10
B25
C35
D45
E60
Q33 · Data Sufficiency
If p and q are positive integers, is p/q > 1?
(1) p > q − 2 (2) p ≠ q
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
Q34 · Problem Solving
(212 − 210) / (210 − 28) =
A2
B4
C8
D16
E64
Q35 · Problem Solving
Machine A can complete a production batch in 6 hours working alone, and Machine B can complete the same batch in 12 hours working alone. Machine A works alone for the first 2 hours, and then Machine B joins it until the batch is complete. What is the total time, in hours, required to complete the batch?
A4
B4 1/3
C4 2/3
D5
E5 1/3
Q36 · Data Sufficiency
A business conference charges $200 for each standard registration and $350 for each premium registration, and sells no other type of registration. Did the conference collect more than $10,000 in total registration revenue?
(1) The conference sold a total of 40 registrations. (2) The conference sold exactly 12 premium registrations.
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
Q37 · Data Sufficiency
If n is a positive integer, what is the remainder when n is divided by 6?
(1) The remainder when n is divided by 12 is 9. (2) The remainder when n is divided by 3 is 0.
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
Q38 · Problem Solving
A commuter drives 30 miles to work at an average speed of 60 miles per hour and returns along the same route at an average speed of 40 miles per hour. What is the commuter’s average speed, in miles per hour, for the round trip?
A44
B46
C48
D50
E52
Q39 · Problem Solving
At a fundraiser, each of 30 donors gave at least $50, and the average (arithmetic mean) donation was $80. What is the greatest possible amount, in dollars, that any single donor could have given?
A800
B900
C950
D1,000
E1,050
Q40 · Data Sufficiency
If k is a positive integer, is k2 + k divisible by 4?
(1) k is odd. (2) k + 1 is divisible by 4.
AStatement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
BStatement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
EStatements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.